Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present research is to formulate acrylamide grafted Karaya gum by using microwave-assisted grafting method and optimisation is performed by using Box behnken design.
 Methods: The extracted mucilage of gum Karaya was modified into grafted gum Karaya by using a microwave-assisted method. Acrylamide was used as monomer and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) is used as redox initiator. The experimental design for optimisation include three independent variables gum concentration (X1), ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) amount (X2) and irradiation time (X3) while the dependent variables were % yield (Y1), % grafting (Y2) and % grafting efficiency (Y3). The optimised formulation was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.
 Results: After optimisation the formulation with acrylamide amount 5 g, ceric ammonium nitrate amount 200 mg and irradiation time of 2 min was selected as optimized formulation. The optimised formulation has percentage grafting of 853.5%, with grafting efficiency of 77.59%.
 Conclusion: The application of box behnken design for optimisation was performed successfully in microwave assisted grafting of acrylamide on karaya gum.
Highlights
The karaya gum, known as sterculia, kadaya, katilo, kullo and kuterra [1]
Karaya gum has a strong capacity to fix with water molecules; gum particles are not fully solubilized, instead it presents a phenomenon called swelling that consist in an increment in total volume with relation to dry mass that can be about the 60 times the original volume [3]
Acrylamide and ceric ammonium nitrate were procured from LOBA Chemicals, India
Summary
The karaya gum, known as sterculia, kadaya, katilo, kullo and kuterra [1]. The Joint Expert Committee for Food Additives (JECFA/FAO) defines gum karaya as the dried exudates obtained from Sterculia urens Roxd and other related species of Sterculia (family Sterculiaceae) or Cochlospermum gossypium AP De Candolle or other species of C kunth (family Bixaceae). Dispersion of karaya gum is thermolabile; during heating, polymer conformation changes, resulting in an increased solubility and a permanently decreased viscosity. Karaya gum has a strong capacity to fix with water molecules; gum particles are not fully solubilized, instead it presents a phenomenon called swelling that consist in an increment in total volume with relation to dry mass that can be about the 60 times the original volume [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
