Abstract
BackgroundMultifunctional magnetic nanoparticles are important class of materials in the field of nanobiotechnology, as it is an emerging area of research for material science and molecular biology researchers. One of the various methods to obtain multifunctional nanomaterials, molecular functionalization by attaching organic functional groups to nanomagnetic materials is an important technique. Recently, functionalized magnetic nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be useful in isolation/detection of dangerous pathogens (bacteria/viruses) for human life. Iron (Fe) based material especially FePt is used in the isolation of ultralow concentrations (< 102 cfu/ml) of bacteria in less time and it has been demonstrated that van-FePt may be used as an alternative fast detection technique with respect to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. However, still further improved demonstrations are necessary with interest to biocompatibility and green chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by template medication and its application for the detection/isolation of S. aureus bacteria.ResultsThe reduction of anhydrous Iron chloride (FeCl3) in presence of sodium borohydride and water soluble polyelectrolyte (polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride, PDADMAC) produces black precipitates. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), XPS and TEM analysis of the precipitates dried at 373 K demonstrated the formation of nanocrystalline Fe3O4. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed isolated staphylococcous aureus (S. aureus) bacteria at ultralow concentrations using collagen coated gum arabic modified iron oxide nanoparticles (CCGAMION).ConclusionWe are able to synthesize nanocrystalline Fe3O4 and CCGAMION was able to isolate S. aureus bacteria at 8-10 cfu (colony forming units)/ml within ~3 minutes.
Highlights
Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles are important class of materials in the field of nanobiotechnology, as it is an emerging area of research for material science and molecular biology researchers
We have demonstrated instant detection/isolation of pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) at ultralow concentrations using CCGAMION synthesized through this new protocol, achieving a detection limit of 8 cfu/ml in 3 minutes
Reactive Fe nanoparticles initially formed due to redox reaction using PDADMAC as a soft template which subsequently turns into Fe3O4 nanoparticles on heating at 100°C through oxidation process
Summary
Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles are important class of materials in the field of nanobiotechnology, as it is an emerging area of research for material science and molecular biology researchers. The synthesis procedures for these nanomaterials are relatively complex and expensive in comparison to pure iron oxide nanoparticles [17,18,19] Due to their unique magnetic properties, low cost synthesis [19] and low toxicity [12,16,20] Fe3O4 could be widely used in numerous applications such as cellular labeling [11], magnetic separation [10], tissue repair [21], hyperthermia [21,22], magnetic resonance imaging [7], magnetically guided drug delivery [23] and molecular diagnostics [13] etc. This report is the first kind of demonstration via Fe3O4 with GA as well as collagen
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