Abstract
The aim of this communication was to establish if Enterobacterales associated with gulls in Argentina harbored antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. We analyzed cloacal swabs in two contrasting areas: Ensenada, Buenos Aires province (26 Larus dominicanus and 22 Chroicocephalus maculipennis) and Puerto Madryn, Chubut province (20 L. dominicanus). In Ensenada, bla CTX-M and mcr-1 genes, were isolated from both gull species, whereas in the Puerto Madryn, only bla CTX-M gene was found. We report for the first time C. maculipennis as carrier of AMR. The finding of AMR in wildlife constitutes a useful tool in evaluating the anthropogenic impact on environmental health.
Highlights
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of microorganisms to grow at therapeutic concentrations of antibiotics (GarcíaHernández et al 2011)
This study aimed to determine if Enterobacterales associated to different gull species that visited landfills in two contrasting areas from Argentina, harbored blaCTX-M and mcr-1 genes, allowing us to understand if anthropogenic activities generate selective pressure on the environment, intervening in AMR presence on wildlife promoting its dissemination
The blaCTX-M gene was detected in Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter spp. strains isolated from two different gull specimens, 7.7% (1/13) respectively (Fig. 2)
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of microorganisms to grow at therapeutic concentrations of antibiotics (GarcíaHernández et al 2011). Gram-negative bacilli (Enterobacterales) extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) enzymes production is a mechanism that confers resistance to broadspectrum antimicrobials like cephalosporins. The CTX-M β-lactamase enzymes encoded by the blaCTX-M gene, are the most worldwide distributed (Hernández et al 2013, Darwich et al 2019). Atimicrobial polymyxin’s family, was used until cephalosporins became available (Stein & Didier 2002). Since bacteria developed resistant to them, colistin was again used despite its toxicity (Sun et al 2017). Liu et al (2016) isolated the mcr-1 plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism from Escherichia coli
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