Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Although the main clinical manifestations of the COVID-19 infection have confined to the respiratory system, there is some evidence suggesting the neuro-invasive potential of the COVID-19. There are limited reports of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) as a peripheral nervous system complication of COVID-19 infection. We described four patients with COVID-19 infection who developed acute polyneuropathy with a final diagnosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome. COVID-19 may have the potential to invade the peripheral nervous system. GBS, as one of the critical neurological complications of COVID-19, could be considered as a post-infectious event.
Highlights
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) has first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, with a cluster of unexplained pneumonia, which soon has turned into a global health concern. the World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared a global pandemic, affecting more than 4 million cases worldwide.[1,2]
The main clinical features of the COVID-19 infection have confined to the respiratory tracts, there is evidence suggesting the virus potential to invade the central and peripheral nervous system
Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the primary mechanism of virus pathogenesis attributed to the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors attachment located in the nasal epithelium and lower respiratory airways are leading to respiratory symptoms
Summary
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) has first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, with a cluster of unexplained pneumonia, which soon has turned into a global health concern. the World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared a global pandemic, affecting more than 4 million cases worldwide.[1,2] the main clinical features of the COVID-19 infection have confined to the respiratory tracts, there is evidence suggesting the virus potential to invade the central and peripheral nervous system. His vital signs revealed body temperature 36.5°C, blood pressure 175/85 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute, pulse rate 75 beats per minute, and oxygen saturation of 99%. Case Two A 14-year-old girl admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of acute progressive ascending quadriparesis and lower limb weakness since three days before admission following an upper respiratory infection. All the ancillary examinations were within normal limits except for the albuminocytological dissociation in the CSF and positive PCR assay of throat swab sample for COVID-19. The past medical history was notable for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Upon admission, her vital signs revealed body temperature 37.5°C, blood pressure 140/85 mm Hg, respiratory rate of 26 breaths per minute, pulse rate 126 beats per minute, and oxygen saturation of 56%.
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