Guided Transport of Water Droplets on Superhydrophobic–Hydrophilic Patterned Si Nanowires

Abstract

We present a facile method to fabricate hydrophilic patterns in superhydrophobic Si nanowire (NW) arrays for guiding water droplets. The superhydrophobic Si NW arrays were obtained by simple dip-coating of dodecyltrichlorosilane (DTS). The water contact angles (CAs) of DTS-coated Si NW arrays drastically increased and saturated at the superhydrophobic regime (water CA ≥ 150°) as the lengths of NWs increased. The demonstrated superhydrophobic surfaces show an extreme water repellent property and small CA hysteresis of less than 7°, which enable the water droplets to easily roll off. The wettability of the DTS-coated Si NW arrays can be converted from superhydrophobic to hydrophilic via UV-enhanced photodecomposition of the DTS, and such wettability conversion was reproducible on the same surfaces by repeating the DTS coating and photodecomposition processes. The resulting water guiding tracks were successfully demonstrated via selective patterning of the hydrophilic region on superhydrophobic Si NW arrays, which could enable water droplets to move along defined trajectories.