Abstract
The analogy between the electron wave nature in graphene electronics and the electromagnetic waves in dielectrics has suggested a series of optical-like phenomena, which is of great importance for graphene-based electronic devices. In this paper, we propose an asymmetric double-well potential on graphene as an electronic waveguide to confine the graphene electrons. The guided modes in this graphene waveguide are investigated using a modified transfer matrix method. It is found that there are two types of guided modes. The first kind is confined in one well, which is similar to the asymmetric quantum well graphene waveguide. The second kind can appear in two potential wells with double-degeneracy. Characteristics of all the possible guide modes are presented.
Highlights
A two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms known as graphene [1] has been investigated widely both theoretically and experimentally
The analogy between the electron wave nature in graphene electronics and the electromagnetic waves in dielectrics has suggested a series of optical-like phenomena, such as the Goos–Hänchen effect [2,3], negative refraction [4], collimation [5], birefringence [6], and the Bragg reflection [7]
We focus on the properties of guided modes in a double-well asymmetric potential that acts as a slab waveguide for electron waves in a form similar to that in integrated optics
Summary
A two-dimensional layer of carbon atoms known as graphene [1] has been investigated widely both theoretically and experimentally. By having a quantum well in graphene to confine massless Dirac fermions, the guided modes in graphene-based waveguides with quantum well structure induced by an external electrical field have been investigated in detail [8,9,10]. Contrary to the electric or magnetic waveguide in graphene, the strain-induced waveguide confines electrons without any external fields. It confines the quasi-particles with the pseudo-magnetic. For a given graphene waveguide with quantum well structures, the dispersion equation for its guided modes is normally determined by applying the continuity of wave function at the interfaces of the quantum well. This work shows an analogy between the electron wave nature in graphene electronics and the electromagnetic waves in dielectrics
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