Abstract
GaoFen-2 (GF-2) is a civilian optical satellite self-developed by China equipped with both multispectral and panchromatic sensors, and is the first satellite in China with a resolution below 1 m. Because the pan-sharpening methods on GF-2 imagery have not been a focus of previous works, we propose a novel pan-sharpening method based on guided image filtering and compare the performance to state-of-the-art methods on GF-2 images. Guided image filtering was introduced to decompose and transfer the details and structures from the original panchromatic and multispectral bands. Thereafter, an adaptive model that considers the local spectral relationship was designed to properly inject spatial information back into the original spectral bands. Four pairs of GF-2 images acquired from urban, water body, cropland, and forest areas were selected for the experiments. Both quantitative and visual inspections were used for the assessment. The experimental results demonstrated that for GF-2 imagery acquired over different scenes, the proposed approach consistently achieves high spectral fidelity and enhances spatial details, thereby benefitting the potential classification procedures.
Highlights
Numerous digital aerial cameras and optical earth observation satellites such as QuickBird, WorldView-3, and GaoFen-2 (GF-2) exist that can simultaneously obtain multispectral (MS) and panchromatic (Pan) images [1]
Entropy is related to the spatial quality, while Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) [33] quantifies the spectral distortion by computing the angle between the corresponding pixels of the pan-sharpened and reference images
We proposed a novel pan-sharpening method based on guided image filtering, and applied it to GF-2 images
Summary
Numerous digital aerial cameras and optical earth observation satellites such as QuickBird, WorldView-3, and GaoFen-2 (GF-2) exist that can simultaneously obtain multispectral (MS) and panchromatic (Pan) images [1]. High-resolution Pan images lack the spectral information of MS images, while MS images often have a lower spatial resolution To synergistically utilize these images for various applications, such as detailed land cover classification, change detection, and so on, it has become increasingly important to integrate the strengths of both types [2,3]. The GF-2 satellite was launched in August 2014 It is a civilian optical remote sensing satellite developed by China and the first satellite in China with a resolution below 1 m. The GF-2 can achieve a spatial resolution of 0.8 m with a swath of 48 km in panchromatic mode; in contrast, the satellite acquires images with a resolution of 3.2 m in 4 spectral bands in multispectral mode. As a recently launched optical satellite, exploring effective sharpening approaches to expand the application scope of the images is important
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