Guide to Project Management Strategies for Complex Projects

Abstract

The research scope of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Renewal Project R10, Project Management Strategies for Complex Projects, involved the development of this guide, as well as a companion report, surveys, case studies, training, and technical tools, to address the challenges of managing modern infrastructure projects that are considerably more complex than traditional projects. These products facilitate the use of effective strategies in managing complex projects of any size and type. Acceptance and use of this guidance should improve the state of the practice by focusing on practical tools and techniques that are designed to be immediately beneficial to transportation professionals. Infrastructure needs within the United States have changed from building new facilities to replacing, expanding, and renewing existing facilities. The project management issues involved with infrastructure renewal differ from the project management issues for new construction. Correspondingly, new project management approaches must be integrated into mainstream practices for all sizes and types of projects to accelerate project delivery, reduce project costs, and minimize project disputes. The difficulties of renewal project complexity have been exacerbated by years of underfunded maintenance and replacement programs. As a result, many renewal projects have become even more challenging because of the need to avert major traffic disruptions and, in some cases, infrastructure failures. Project complexity is introduced by many factors: project types, engineering complexity, size, modality, jurisdictional control, financing approach, contract type, and delivery method. Each project calls for a distinct project management style and approach. The five-dimensional project management (5DPM) approach for complex projects is not new. However, it is extensively developed, outlined, and clearly mapped for acceptance and integration within the R10 project. The five dimensions are (1) cost, (2) schedule, (3) technical, (4) context, and (5) finance. Successful use of the 5DPM approach involves five methods that are unique for each project: define critical project success factors by each dimension, as required; assemble project team; select project arrangements; prepare early cost model and finance plan; and develop project action plans. Although a number of additional research ideas have been identified during the project, the most pressing next steps are the implementation of the material on actual complex projects and the integration of the philosophy and tools within existing agency program and project management policies and procedures. The integration will be accomplished through demonstration projects, training, and change-management assistance.