Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the exciting developments for the power grid. For instance, many traditional mechanical components are being replaced by modern electronics devices that can operate intelligently; new elements, such as renewable energy resources and various large-scale energy storage, are introduced into the grid to bring a new outlook on the system operation and control; smart appliances are produced to facilitate more customized and efficient energy usage; and advanced sensors, such as the phasor measurement units (PMUs) and the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), are designed and implemented for real-time wide-area monitoring of the system conditions. In general, the power grid is increasingly organized and managed as an interconnected network of many different individual components that operate intelligently in a distributed but connected manner, as opposed to the traditional centralized fashion. In other words, the power grid is evolving into a big Internet of Things (IoT).
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