Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes, newly reclassified as Cutibacterium acnes, is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium causing acne, found mainly on the skin. In addition, P. acnes is responsible for inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and blood vessels, consequently leading to various diseases in the human body. In recent years, the evolution of microorganisms, such as P. acnes, that have become resistant to many commercial antibiotics due to the widespread use of antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases has emerged as a major clinical problem. We here analyzed the potential use of 37 medicinal plant extracts as plausible candidates for treating P. acnes, in terms of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidants scavenging and antimicrobial activity. Consequently, methanol extracts from 14 medicinal plants showed promising antimicrobial activities against P. acnes. In particular, as the extracts from Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. and Thuja orientalis L. exhibited distinct antimicrobial activities in both the broth dilution and disc diffusion assay, they could be effectively used as active ingredients for preventing or treating inflammatory periodontal diseases, such as periodontitis.
Highlights
Propionibacterium acnes is a non-sporeforming anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium frequently found in the sebaceous glands of the human body
As P. acnes is a causative agent of various inflammatory diseases, screening substances with antimicrobial activity against P. acnes can provide a basis for the development of various drugs, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents
We verified that methanol extracts from 14 plant extracts, including I. integra T., C. japonica L., C. flagelliferum F., P. sagittatum var. sieboldii L., S. stoloniferum B., P. vulgaris var. lilacina L., L. glauca S. and Z., R. pseudo-accacia L., C. siderosticta H., G. sibiricum L., T. orientalis L., H. rhombea S. and Z., A. continentalis K., and R. rugosa T., had promising antimicrobial activities
Summary
Propionibacterium acnes (newly reclassified as Cutibacterium acnes) is a non-sporeforming anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium frequently found in the sebaceous glands of the human body. It is a causative organism closely linked to various inflammatory diseases by infecting other organs, including the skin, airways, heart valves, eyes, gums, and others [1,2,3,4]. 37 oriental medicinal plants that have been used for treating inflammatory and skin diseases in Korea were selected based on information in the literature, such as folk remedies and herbal medicine publications, and antimicrobial abilities of their methanol extracts against P. acnes were explored. This study provides basic data for overcoming the limitations of conventional drugs in treating inflammation caused by P. acnes and developing novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic substances
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