Abstract
AbstractDuring crystal growth of yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) from the Y-V-O melt system, strong incongruent vanadium oxide vaporization occurs, causing changes in both oxygen and Y/V stoichiometry and resulting in significant color centers and inclusion problems in the crystal. Oxygen deficiency is an inherent problem in melt grown YVO4 crystals, and this work seeks to clarify this phenomenon. Lattice parameter decrease was observed in oxygen deficient YVO4-x fibers grown by the laser heated pedestal growth (LHPG) technique. Although post-growth annealing in O2 atmosphere can eliminate the black color centers in the fibers, it causes anisotropic lattice distortions within the crystal. Consequently, preventing the formation of oxygen deficient YVO4-x holds the most promise for production of scattering free YVO4 crystals. Since the complete suppression of incongruent vaporization is very difficult during high temperature growth procedure, utilization of a proper flux system having a low melting temperature “compensating phase” for collecting non-pentavalent vanadium oxides is recommended to achieve directly-grown oxygen deficiency free yttrium orthovanadate crystals.
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