GROWTH REGULATORS AND MICROFERTILIZER ON POLEMONIUM CАERULEUM L. APPLICATION: EFFECTIVENESS FOR MEDICINAL RAW MATERIAL AND SEEDS YIELD INCREASING

Abstract

Introduction. The article presents the results of the use of growth regulators and micro-fertilizers on the medicinal culture namely Polemonium ceruleum L. according to the concept of exogenous bioregulation of growth processes, the productivity of raw materials and the content of biologically active substances in raw materials. Rhizomes with roots of this species (Rhizomata cum radicibus Polemonii) are included in the Russian State Pharmacopoeia 14th edition as an expectorant.
 The purpose of this work is to identify the possibility of increasing the yield and quality of Polemonium caeruleum medicinal plant raw materials with foliar treatment by Hardy’s retardant, Siliplant micronutrient fertilizer, Zircon growth regulator and their tank mixture under conditions of the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation.
 Materials and methods. Experiments to study the effect of Siliplant microfertilizer, Zircon growth regulator, their tank mixture, and Hardy’s retardant on the growth, development and bioproductivity of Polemonium caeruleum plants was conducted in 2019-2020 in the field crop rotation at the All-Russia Medicinal Plants Research Institute (VILAR). In the second and third years of the growing season, two treatments of plants were performed with preparations at the following consumption rates: Siliplant (1 l / ha), Zircon (50 ml / ha), Siliplant (1 l / ha) + Zircon 50 ml / ha), Hardy (0, 2 l/ha), in the control plants were treated with water. Consumption of solution - 300 l / ha. The first treatment was conducted in the budding phase (2nd decade of May), the second - two weeks after the first. The quantitative content of triterpene saponins in terms of β-escin in medicinal raw materials was determined according to the Russian Farmacopeia (FS 2.5.0039.15).
 Results. Microfertilizer Siliplant and Hardy retardant increased the yield of roots and rhizomes of Polemonium caeruleum plants by 0.24 and 0.16 t/ha, respectively. The highest content of biologically active substances was observed in plants treated with Siliplant, Siliplant + Zircon and Hardy, the excess over the control was 22 %, 11 %, and 7 %, respectively, while in the variant with the growth regulator Zircon the opposite picture was observed – the content of biologically active substances on 14 % less. The tests carried out showed that all experimental options for seed yield and weight of 1000 pcs. outnumbered control. The greatest increase in seed yield was observed in the Siliplant and Hardy variants (25 and 17 %, respectively). The Siliplant + Zircon and Zircon variants showed lower efficiency – the excess was 11 and 6 %. In addition, the treatment of plants with all studied preparations is an effective method of increasing sowing qualities: energy of seed germination increases by 50-63 % and germinating capacity by 6-13 %.
 Conclusion. The results of the study are relevant for the development of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies for the cultivation of Polemonium cаeruleum medicinal crops.