Abstract

Nonlinear effects in acoustical vortex beams were described originally in a numerical investigation by Marchiano et al. [Phys. Rev. E 77, 016605 (2008)]. The focus of the present investigation is the rate at which nonlinearly generated harmonics grow with distance in the field of a vortex beam radiated by a monofrequency or bifrequency source as a function of the topological charge. The motivation is a paper by Richard et al. [New J. Phys. 22, 063021 (2020)] suggesting that the rate of nonlinear distortion in the direction of the beam axis is increased in a vortex beam due to the lengthened propagation distance along the ray paths spiraling about the beam axis. In the present work, harmonic growth rate is characterized in terms of both amplitudes along different ray paths and total power across the beam. Growth rates are calculated and compared for harmonics generated in nonlinear vortex beams radiated by sources with different topological charges and amplitude distributions. Both unfocused and focused beams are considered. The likelihood of shock formations is also explored. [CAG is supported by the ARL:UT Chester M. McKinney Graduate Fellowship in Acoustics.]

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