Growth rates and yields of cassava at different planting dates in a tropical savanna climate

Phanupong Phoncharoen,Nimitr Vorasoot,Piyada Theerakulpisut,Gerrit Hoogenboom,Poramate Banterng,Sanun Jogloy

doi:10.1590/1678-992x-2017-0413

Phanupong Phoncharoen, Nimitr Vorasoot + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2017-0413

Copy DOI

Journal: Scientia Agricola	Publication Date: Oct 1, 2019
Citations: 26	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Khon Kaen University, University of Florida

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Details on growth and yield for cassava planted on different dates are useful for determining suitable genotypes for particular growing seasons. Our aim was to study growth and yield of cassava planted on different dates. Four cassava genotypes (Kasetsart 50, Rayong 9, Rayong 11 and CMR38-125-77) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications in six growing periods (20 Apr, 25 May, 30 June, 5 Oct, 10 Nov and 15 Dec 2015-2016) at Khon Kaen, Thailand. Soil properties were determined prior to planting, and crop traits and weather data were recorded. The six planting dates had a statistically significant effect on all crop traits. Low temperatures and solar radiation related to low biomass accumulation rates and short periods of linear phases for total crop and storage root dry weights with the 30 June planting date. CMR38-125-77 is likely to be a good genotype with respect to total crop and storage root dry weights at final harvest for almost all growing dates, except for the 20 Apr. Leaf area index (LAI) at 120, 240 and 300 days after planting (DAP), specific leaf area (SLA) at 120 DAP, storage root growth rate (SRGR) during 300-360 DAP and leaf growth rate (LGR) during 60-120 and 300-360 DAP were the components for the physiological determinants of total crop and storage root dry weight. The relationship between these physiological traits and storage root could be useful for cassava breeding.

Highlights

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is normally grown in tropical and subtropical regions (Howeler, 2014)
Leaf area index (LAI) at 120, 240 and 300 days after planting (DAP), specific leaf area (SLA) at 120 DAP, storage root growth rate (SRGR) during 300-360 DAP and leaf growth rate (LGR) during 60-120 and 300-360 DAP were the components for the physiological determinants of total crop and storage root dry weight
There were differences in rainfall for the six growing dates, supplementary irrigation was applied during dry periods, which were identified using sets of tensiometers placed at soil depths of 20 cm and 40 cm

Summary

Introduction

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is normally grown in tropical and subtropical regions (Howeler, 2014). Thailand is one of the world’s major cassava producers. The potential simulated and obtained experimental cassava yields under favorable conditions vary from 25 to 30 t ha–1 of dry weight (approximate 80 to 90 t ha–1 fresh weight) (Cock et al, 1979; El-Sharkawy et al, 1990; El-Sharkawy, 1993). The majority of the cassava growing areas in Thailand are in the tropical savanna climate zone, and the growing period covers almost all seasons (Thailand Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, 2008). Variability in crop responses to diverse weather conditions with different planting dates is a normal occurrence in cassava. Temperature and solar radiation affected crop growth rate, leaf area index, (LAI) specific leaf area (SLA) and yield (Irikura et al, 1979; Keating et al, 1982a, b; Fukai et al, 1984a, b; Aye, 2012)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion