Abstract
The protection conferred via chemical treatment of seeds is indispensable to the normal development of crops, with a view to the best use of its productive potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soybean crop response, cultivate ‘FTS Paragominas RR’, to seed treatment. The study was conducted in an experimental area of the Center of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences of the Federal University of Maranhão, in Chapadinha (MA), from February to June 2018. A randomized complete block design was used, with split-plot in time. The plots consisted of five seed treatments: thiophanate-methyl + fluazinam fungicides, fludioxonil, carbendazim + thiram, the insecticide fipronil and the absence of the application. Throughout the crop cycle the agronomic characteristics were verified: plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area. And, at the time of harvesting, grain yield, the height of insertion of the first pod, the total number of pods and weight of 1000 grains. Seed treatments induced very variable responses on the growth and development of soybean ‘FTS Paragominas RR’. The best performances were obtained with the use of thiophanate-methyl + fluazinam fungicides (dose 198 mL) and fludioxonil (dose 200 mL). The application of carbendazim + thiram and fipronil, both at a dose of 200 mL, presented adverse effects throughout the vegetative and reproductive phases of soybean ‘FTS Paragominas RR’. None of the products provided significant increases in grain yield.
Highlights
The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.] has been highlighted in the Brazilian agricultural scenario, as one of the segments that has grown the most in the last three decades and is equivalent to 57% of the area planted in grains in the country
The research was developed with the cultivar ‘FTS Paragominas RR’, implanted in the agricultural year of 2017/2018, with sowing performed in February and the desiccation in June 2018
‘FTS Paragominas RR’, created by the Company FT seeds, presents high productive potential, wide adaptation and stability, excellent root health and rusticity; it has a particular type of growth, height between 80 and 110 centimeters, cycle variable from 140 to 145 days, recommended for low to medium fertility soils (FTS, 2009; Reges, 2018)
Summary
The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.] has been highlighted in the Brazilian agricultural scenario, as one of the segments that has grown the most in the last three decades and is equivalent to 57% of the area planted in grains in the country. The Northeast estimates a cultivated area of 3,264.4 thousand hectares, with the production of 11,470.8 thousand tons and mean productivity of 3,514 kg ha-1 (Petter et al, 2014; CONAB, 2018) In this region, the state of Bahia excelled for its expressive production, followed by Maranhão and Piauí. Carvalho and Novembre (2011), claim that the physiological quality of the seed infers the ability to perform vital functions, such as germination, vigor, and longevity, and ensure the percentage and uniformity of seedling emergence In this sense, the seed treatment technique excelled as a technological tool of great importance in the protection of agriculture, to improve and maintain its quality, performing a primary role in protecting seed against pests and/or phytopathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of soybean cultivar ‘FTS Paragominas RR’ to the treatment of seeds with different fungicides and an insecticide
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