Abstract
ABSTRACT The bean is a world-class crop and requires adequate water management for higher yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and the production and to fit multiple regression models to estimate the production components, total biomass accumulation and grain yield of ‘Rosinha’ bean under levels of replacement of evapotranspired water. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four repetitions. Treatments consisted of fractions of crop evapotranspiration (25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% ETc). Growth variables (plant height, number of leaves, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, stem dry mass and leaf dry mass) and production components (number of pods per plant, pod length, pod diameter, pod dry mass, total biomass, pod mass per plant, grain yield) were evaluated. Measurements of growth variables carried out at 35 days after sowing were used to fit multiple regression models to estimate dry pod mass, total biomass accumulation and grain yield of common bean. Higher growth and yield of common bean, ‘Rosinha’, are obtained with irrigation depth corresponding to 100% of the evapotranspired water.
Highlights
Cultivation of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in countries of tropical and subtropical climate are important sources of food, due to the low cost for the consumer and because it is nutritionally balanced, as well as the main source of protein for low-income populations (Souza et al, 2016; Padilla-Chacón et al, 2017).Common bean yield in Brazil is low (827 kg ha-1), mainly due to the low technological level used in its cultivation and to the irregularities of rainfall
This study aimed to evaluate the growth and production and adjust multiple regression models to estimate the production components, total biomass accumulation and grain yield of common bean, ‘Rosinha’ variety, under levels of replacement of the evapotranspired water
The multidimensional space of the original variables was reduced to two dimensions, represented by the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) with eigenvalues greater than one (λ > 1)
Summary
Common bean yield in Brazil is low (827 kg ha-1), mainly due to the low technological level used in its cultivation and to the irregularities of rainfall. In Brazil, ‘Carioca’ bean is the most produced, with black bean in second place, and ‘Mulatinho’ bean in third place, followed by the ‘Rosinha’ group (CONAB, 2017). Crede seeds of common bean, belonging to the ‘Rosinha’ group, have good yield and low incidence of pests and diseases, presenting themselves as a good option for cultivation in the Brazilian semiarid region (Michels et al, 2014). The Northeast region of Brazil is one of the main producers of common bean (Brito et al, 2016). In the year 2016, the state of Alagoas, Brazil, produced 15.1 thousand tons (mean yield of 500 kg ha-1), and this value combined with the productions of Sergipe and Bahia states represents 22% of northeastern production (CONAB, 2016)
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