Abstract
A 90-days experiment was conducted to study the effect of replacement of fishmeal (FM) with marine fish viscera (MFV) meal on growth performance, body composition and production of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (mean weight 11.3 ± 0.1 g). Diets were three isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 KJ/g) diets containing 0% (D0), 30% (D30) and 50% (D50) of MFV, as FM substitute. Diet D0, without MFV, acted as a control. All these diets were compared to the commercial diet coppens developed for C. gariepinus. No significantly differences were found in final weight (range: 220.94-234.1 g), weight gain (range: 1937.2-1971.7%), specific growth rate (range: 3.30-3.37%/day), protein efficiency ratio (range: 1.93-2.09) and annual production (range: 378.3-415.0 kg/are/year) of fish fed coppens diet, D0 and D30 (p>0.05). Fish fed D50 showed significantly lower growth and feed utilization performances (p˂0.05). Moisture and crude protein were similar among dietary treatments (p>0.05). Lipid deposition in fish significantly increased with MFV level in diets, whereas ash content decreased (p˂0.05). The study indicates that MFV meal can be used up to 30% in formulation fish feed for promotion of Clarias gariepinus rearing in rural areas.
Highlights
Fishmeal is the main ingredient for most fish diets because of its high protein content, balanced amino acid profile, high essential fatty acids content, minerals and vitamins [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The results of this study indicated that it is possible to totally replace FM with marine fish viscera (MFV) in African catfish diet without affecting growth performance, confirming previous studies findings that animal by-product meals are acceptable protein sources for replacement of fishmeal in catfish diet [2,6,11,19,29,34]
According to Nwanna et al [3,36,42], MFV meal is a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acid such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, which plays important roles in metabolism
Summary
Fishmeal is the main ingredient for most fish diets because of its high protein content, balanced amino acid profile, high essential fatty acids content, minerals and vitamins [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The economically feasible catfish farming can be achieved when it is based on costeffective feed compound of locally available agricultural by-products [17,22,23] Many alternatives resources such as feather meal [19], meat and bone meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, fleshings-meal and blood meal [24,25], dried fermented fish by-product silage [6], poultry silage [26], shrimp head waste meal [27,28], poultry by-product meal [2,29], skate meal and sablefish viscera meal [30] have been tried to replace fish meal either partially or fully, but even these meals of various animal sources are not sufficient to meet the growing demands of fish raising industry
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