Growth Performance and AMMI Yield Stability Analysis of Five New Maize Hybrid Populations

Abstract

Multi-environment yield trials are essential in an estimation of genotype by environment (GE) interaction and identification of superior genotypes in the final selection cycles. The objective of this study was to evaluate yield stability of five hybrid maize in three locations using AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) method. A randomized block design with three replications was applied to the experiment at each site. The genotypes tested were UNIB CT5, UNIB CT8, UNIB CT9, UNIB CT13, and UNIB CT14. The hybrids were single-crosses from selected pairs of S6 gamma irradiated mutant parental lines. The hybrids were cultivated in three different locations with different agroclimatic. They were Air Duku village, district of Curup, Rejang Lebong (rainy season of the year of 2014); Kandang Limun village, district of Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu (wet season of the year of 2015) and Medan Baru village, district of Muara Bangkahulu, Bengkulu (dry season of the year of 2015). The results showed that among five newly developed hybrids tested, CT8 and CT9 were the most prospective genotype for Ultisol for a dry and wet season, respectively. Based on the postdictive success and predictive success methods, the model used (AMMI 2) was able to explain 89% interaction-influenced variation. The genotypes found stable in three locations based on AMMI analyses was UNIB CT14. Three hybrids were considered specific adaptation. They were UNIB CT9 for rainy season of Kandang Limun, UNIB CT8 for dry season of Medan Baru and UNIB CT13 for rainy season of Curup. UNIB CT5 did not adapt to any of the three environments tested.