Abstract
<p>This experiment was aimed to evaluate the copper accumulation using callus culture of <em>Datura metel</em> L. The culture was established from leaves onto MS contained NAA 2.5 mg/L and Kinetin 0.5 mg/L as the control. The exposure of the culture was carried out by 2 copper compounds as treatment, i.e. CuCl<sub>2</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O and Na<sub>2</sub>CuEDTA at level concentration 0.; 0.1; 5; 10; 15; and 20 µM. The growth pattern of callus in control showed increasing growth rate in 36 days, whereas exponential stage was reached at 12-20<sup>th</sup> doi*. Whilst, after 10 doi, the treatment showed constant growth pattern. The absorption rate of the culture was increased by the addition of the CuCl<sub>2</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O at 5 – 15 µM of level concentration but declined at 20µM. The maximum rate of accumulation of Cu (0,1519 mg g<sup>-1</sup>) was obtained at 15 µM. Instead, the addition of Na<sub>2</sub>CuEDTA at 5 – 20µM of level concentration showed the significant increment while the maximum accumulation was obtained at 20µM (0,1420 mg g<sup>-1</sup>). The existence of chelator in copper compound reduced the rate of toxicity while all tolerance index values were between 66,24 and 97,28 %.The results suggested the role of callus of <em>D. metel</em> as that fairly absorbed and accumulated Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Exposure with CuCl<sub>2</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>O indicated higher accumulation than Na<sub>2</sub>CuEDTA.</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Nurchayati, Y., Santosa, S., Nugroho, L. H., &amp; Indrianto, A. (2016). Growth Pattern and Copper Accumulation in Callus of Datura metel. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(2), 135-140. </p>
Highlights
Heavy metals (HMs) are natural components that in many ecosystems the concentration has reached toxic level due to anthropogenic activities (Kanoun-Boule et al, 2008; Sharma, 2011)
Leaves cutting were more to be callus in Andrographis paniculata (Habibah, 2009), and in Hibiscus sabdariffa than the petiols or calyx (Noviati, et al, 2014). This phenomenon was caused by the thick structure of leaves and less complexity of anatomical structure compared to either stem or root. This dedifferentiation of Datura leaves occurred on Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium added by NAA 2.5 mg/L and Kinetin 0.5 mg/L
The results concluded that the callus culture of D. metel showed excellent growth in MS supplemented by NAA and Kinetin
Summary
Heavy metals (HMs) are natural components that in many ecosystems the concentration has reached toxic level due to anthropogenic activities (Kanoun-Boule et al, 2008; Sharma, 2011). Datura metel is a herb that widely distributed in the tropical region, with many roles in pharmaceutical field as the antibacterial agent and potential to be exploited as the local anaesthetic This plant has not been reported yet as a tolerant species for copper or another HMs. Copper is one of heavy metal and has a significant role in the plant for the normal growth and development (Hall, 2002; Yruela, 2005). Instead of many roles of copper for plants, the high concentration of this essential metal can be harmful to growth and shows toxicity symptoms (Marschner, 1995; Hall, 2002; Prassad, 2004)
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