Growth of ZnO single crystals by the vapor phase reaction method

Abstract

Scharowsky's original method of growing ZnO-whiskers by blowing Zn- and O 2-vapor into a hot furnace has been scaled up and developed into a suitable process for producing single crystals of zinc oxide. Maximum dimensions obtained are 60–70 mm parallel to the c-axis and 6–7 mm at right angles to the c-axis (weight 2.5–3.0g). With no intentional doping the crystals have resistivities from 1–100 ohm cm at room temperature. With copper doping during growth the average room temperature resistivity is increased by approximately a factor of 10. Crystallographic structure, optical and electrical properties with relation to crystal quality are included.