Growth of Sugar Cane Under Cultivation Flooded at Different Speeds Lowering of the Water Table

Antonio Clarette Santiago Tavares,Sergio Nascimento Duarte,Nildo Da Silva Dias,Jarbas Honorio De Miranda,Cleyton Dos Santos Fernandes,Osvaldo Nogueira De Sousa Neto,Francisco Vanies Da Silva Sá,Maria Alejandra Moreno Pizani,Kelly Tagianne Santos De Souza

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n10p122

Antonio Clarette Santiago Tavares, Sergio Nascimento Duarte + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n10p122

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Abstract

In order to study the effect of downgrade rate of water table in the growth of sugar cane (Saccharum spp, cultivate 867515), an experiment in was carried under randomized block design with factorial arrangement (3 &times; 5 + 1) and 4 replications, applying the flood irrigation system in 3 stages of development (67, 210 and 300 days after planting - DAP) with 5 downgrade rate of water table (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days) and the control (no flood). The plants were grown in soil columns of 240 liters, filled with Yellow Oxisol by 300 days after planting and monitored as the height of the stem, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of internodes, number of tillers, leaf area, growth increment, rate relative growth, leaf area index, leaf area ratio and specific leaf area. The stages of development that the flooding was applied at a rate of lowering of the groundwater level variables influenced the growth of cane sugar. The plants drenched at 210 days after planting for 12 days had higher growth of stem, leaf number, leaf area and leaf area index. Plants exposed to water logging after 67 and 210 days after planting obtain better physiological indices that the witness and those who received the 305 DAP waterlogging. It is recommended that the spacing between drains is estimated to be able to lower the water table, after a reloading project to 30 cm deep in 15 days.

Highlights

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a species of great economic importance in the world
It can be inferred that the speeds of lowering of the water table level in the plots that contained plants did not influence their development along the crop cycle
Among plants subjected to flooding, and later lowering of 0.30 m in 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days in the periods of 67, 215 and 305 DAP, the Relative growth rate (RGR) values were similar, 0.0049, 0.0053 and 0.0044 m m-1 day-1, respectively; the difference occurred between plants stressed at 210 DAP (0.0053 m m-1 day-1) and the control (0.0036 m m-1 day-1), subjected only to irrigation

Summary

Introduction

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a species of great economic importance in the world. In Brazil, the area cultivated with the species has increased every year, because of its use in the production of ethanol and refined sugar, with high economic value (Vale et al, 2011; Galon et al, 2012; Holanda et al, 2014; Ferraz et al, 2015).To maximize the production of the crop, it is necessary to install irrigation or drainage systems. In Brazil, the area cultivated with the species has increased every year, because of its use in the production of ethanol and refined sugar, with high economic value (Vale et al, 2011; Galon et al, 2012; Holanda et al, 2014; Ferraz et al, 2015). In the main regions of sugarcane cultivation in Brazil, drainage systems have become increasingly more frequent to remedy the deficiency in the natural drainage of the soil, allowing the profitable cultivation of sugarcane with sustainability, being mainly implemented in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás, and in the ‘Zona da Mata’ of the Northeastern region. The adoption of an empirical procedure is the main cause of failure in sugarcane cultivation in these areas with deficiency of drainage (Mingoti et al, 2006)

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