Abstract
Many chemical and physical properties of materials are depended to a large extent on crystal shape and size. Here, single crystals of selenium with different morphologies and structures were generated through a solvothermal crystallization process using four kinds of readily available solvents (CS 2, ethanol, benzene and pyridine). Bulk crystals of β-phase monoclinic selenium could be easily obtained in CS 2 while rod-like trigonal selenium crystals with different dimensions and aspect ratios could be produced in the other three kinds of solvents. When ZnCl 2 was added into the pyridine system, very long trigonal selenium fibers (generally longer than 2 mm) could be fabricated in relatively short-time period. The structural features of as-grown crystals were characterized by scanning electron microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction techniques. The formation processes of different selenium crystal structures are discussed.
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