Abstract
ABSTRACT The banana crop stands out as an activity of great social and economic importance in Brazil, which occupies the fifth place in world production. Synthetic seed production is becoming promising for a micropropagation and in vitro conservation. The aim of the study was to analyze the conversion and growth of ‘Prata-anã’ banana’s microshoots clone Gorutuba from synthetic seed in MS medium and vermiculite, different substrates and concentrations of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) associated with ANA (acetic naphthalene acid) in the constitution of its capsule were tested. The microshoots were immersed in the sodium alginate matrix (3%) and dripped in a solution of CaCl2.2H2O (100 mM) for complexation and then in KNO3 solution (100 mM) to decomplex. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 5 factorial design (substrate x BAP concentrations), containing different substrates (MS culture medium and vermiculite) and BAP concentrations (2.22, 4.44, 6.66, 8.88 and 13.32 µmol L-1) associated with NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) 0.54 µmol L-1, totaling 10 treatments, with 4 replicates, and that each replicate containing 5 seeds. The evaluations of conversion, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf height, number of roots, root length and oxidation were performed at 30 and 60 days.The use of the MS medium provided better growth results in relation to vermiculite as substrate, in which the different BAP concentrations did not differ from each other. It was found that, in MS culture medium, BAP concentrations above 8.88 µmol L-1 in the capsule composition are not indicated for microshoots growth.
Highlights
Banana cultivation stands out as an activity of great economic and social importance in Brazil, which is considered a major banana producer, ranking fifth in world production (FAO, 2012)
With the aid of a scalpel, the explants were reduced to 3cm in length and established in 200 ml vials containing 30 ml of solid culture medium comprising: mineral salts and vitamins of the MS culture medium (MURASHIGE and SKOOG, 1962) supplemented with 31.08 μmol L-1 of BAP, 30 g L-1 sucrose, 0.1 g of inositol, pH adjusted to 5.8 ± 0.1, previously the addition of the agar gelling agent at
For the conversion of synthetic seeds to in vitro plants (CONV), it was verified that there was an increase in the number of microshoots converted to plants as the concentration of BAP was increased for the treatments that used the MS medium, and the concentration of 8.22 μmol L-1 presented the maximum value of conversion percentage, 55.08%
Summary
Banana cultivation stands out as an activity of great economic and social importance in Brazil, which is considered a major banana producer, ranking fifth in world production (FAO, 2012). The ‘Prata Anã’ banana is a vigorous rustic plant with good weed competition and high resistance to ‘banana tree borer’ and nematodes. This cultivar is affected by diseases such as Yellow Sigatoka and Panamá Disease (LICHTEBERG & ZAFARI, 2003). According to Rodrigues (2012), a somaclonal variant known as ‘Prata-Anã’ clone Gorutuba has been used for the expansion of new areas. This clone is resistant to some isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. In regions where there is a great infestation of the disease, this type of plant is an excellent alternative for cultivation
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