GROWTH OF ARBOREAL LEGUMINOUS PLANTS AND MAIZE YIELD IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS

Abstract

ABSTRACT Forest plantation costs can be reduced by the income from annual crops that are intercropped with trees. An experiment was carried out over two years to assess the viability of agroforestry systems including sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia), gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) and maize (cultivar AG 1051). In 2010, the legumes were grown both as monocrops and intercropped (taungya system) with maize in randomized blocks with five replications. Three rows of maize were planted between two rows of each legume (at a spacing of 4.0 m x 4.0 m). In 2011, the legumes were cut down, and the young branches and leaves were added to the areas of intercropped cultivation (alley cropping system). Gliricidia had lower plant height than sabiá. Moreover, while not affecting for gliricidia, intercropping increased plant height for sabiá. Intercropping reduced green ear yield but not grain yield and reduced the cost of introducing reforestation. Intercropping using the alley system reduced the total number and mass of green ears, as well as grain yield, but did not influence the yield of marketable green ears. Finally, producing green ears was more profitable than producing grain and maize monocropping provided a higher net income than intercropping.