Growth Modification in Class II Malocclusion: A Review

Sm Anwar Sadat,Sufia Nasrin Rita

doi:10.3329/updcj.v4i2.24044

Abstract

Class II malocclusion is the condition in which the mandibular first molars occlude distal to the normal relationship with the maxillary first molar. The etiology of class II malocclusion varied between skeletal, soft tissues, dental factors and habits. Skeletal class II could be because of protrusion of maxilla, retrusion of mandible and combination of both. The treatment modalities of any skeletal problem include Growth modification, Dental camouflage and Orthognathic surgery. The optimal time for treatment of patients with Class II malocclusions therapy should be initiated at the beginning of cervical vertebrae maturation stage CS3 to maximize the treatment effects. Age of treatment is approximately 8-14 years. The growth modification of moderate to severe skeletal class II malocclusion can be done by head gear, bionator, activator, twin block, herbest appliance, Frankel II regulator. The ultimate goal of growth modification depends on treatment timing, length of treatment, working mechanism of appliance, patients skeletal and dental condition we want to treat and the compliance of the patient.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (2): 23-26

Highlights

Methods of growth modificationThe optimal time for treatment of patients with Class II malocclusions therapy should be initiated at the beginning of cervical vertebrae maturation stage CS3 to maximize the treatment effects
Introduction division1 in which maxillary incisorsEdward Angle in 1899 defined class II malocclusion as the condition in which the mandibular first molars occlude distal to the normal relationship with the maxillary first molar
Inclination and there is an increase in overjet[1,2].The etiology of class II malocclusion varied between skeletal, soft tissues, dental factors and habits and the prevalence of class II

Summary

Methods of growth modification

The optimal time for treatment of patients with Class II malocclusions therapy should be initiated at the beginning of cervical vertebrae maturation stage CS3 to maximize the treatment effects. Class II malocclusion can be treated according different treatment protocols, characteristics of the problem, such as antero posterior discrepancy, age and patient compliance. The intention is for the mandible to "catch up" with the maxilla, correcting the anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy 1 Dento alveolar changes of headgears tend to distalize and intrude or reduce the eruption of the maxillary Molars[5] and extrusion of the mandibular incisors. Functional appliances remove abnormal and restrictive muscular activity that prevents the normal development of the maxilla and mandible. A days twin block is widely used for class I1 malocclusion within a forward growth repositioning of the mandible, inhibition in maxillary growth, increase anterior and posterior facial height distalization of maxillary molars, extrusion of mandibular molars and tipping of anterior incisors and supporting structure[6]. Twin block can correct class[11] malocclusion within 6 to 9 month period[1,2,6,7]

Retention after functional appliance or head gear

Discussion

Findings

Conclusion