Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis of Neuroblastoma Cells Through ROS-Independent MEK/ERK Activation by Sulforaphane

Abstract

Deregulation of apoptosis alters the balance of cell proliferation and cell death, resulting in a variety of diseases, including cancer. In recent studies, sulforaphane (SFN) has demonstrated potent anti-tumor and chemopreventive activities. A possible signal transduction pathway has also been elucidated for SFN-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The present study further investigates the anti-proliferation activities of SFN through induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. We found that treating SH-SY5Y cells with SFN resulted in the depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ), which in turn increased caspase 9, caspase 3, and the up-regulation of phosphorylated MEK/ERK without generating reactive oxygen species. Results were confirmed by MTT assay, which demonstrated the cytotoxic activity of SFN against SH-SY5Y cells (IC50 values of 20 μM).