Growth hormone transgenesis and feed composition influence growth and protein and amino acid content in transgenic G3 mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Ibnu Dwi Buwono,Roffi Grandiosa,Iskandar Iskandar

doi:10.1007/s10499-020-00628-8

Ibnu Dwi Buwono, Roffi Grandiosa + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-020-00628-8

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Journal: Aquaculture International	Publication Date: Jan 12, 2021
Citations: 7	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Padjadjaran University

Abstract

Clarias gariepinus growth hormone (CgGH) transgenesis was previously used to develop a population of second-generation (G2) transgenic mutiara catfish (C. gariepinus). The third generation of these fish (1-month old fingerlings) had 2–3 times improvement in growth compared to non-transgenic fish in the commercial feed test for 6 weeks of rearing. We assessed the impact of CgGH transgene expression on growth and protein and amino acid content of the G3 generation of these transgenic mutiara catfish relative to non-transgenic catfish. Since variation in composition of feed mixes can affect protein and amino acid content of fish, we tested three mixtures of commercial feed and boiled tuna (Euthynnus affinis): feed A (50:50 feed to tuna), B (65:35), and C (80:20) to transgenic catfish. Feed A* (50:50) was fed as a control to non-transgenic catfish. Feed efficiency, including feed conversion ratio and protein use efficiency (i.e., protein retention and protein productive value), was assessed. Feed efficiency, protein content, and essential amino acid content in G3 transgenic catfish (feed A and B) were higher than in non-transgenic fish (feed A*). The latter were deficient in lysine and methionine. Transgenic catfish fed with feed C (80:20) showed lysine deficiency and lower growth than fish fed feeds A and B. Feed B (65:35) was the optimal feed mixture utilized; it increased growth, protein levels, and feed conversion efficiency in G3 catfish. The growth of transgenic fish was higher than non-transgenic fish when supported by feeding with balanced nutrients.

Highlights

As the demand for aquaculture products increases, there is a concurrent need to improve the growth rate of fish in order to increase the efficiency of fish production
The aim of this study, was to evaluate mass production of G3 transgenic mutiara catfish, which requires that levels of expression and transmission of exogenous growth hormone (GH) remain high; transgene inheritance must be stable among generations of transgenic fish (Wang et al 2001)
Observation based on the RT-PCR analysis of G3 catfish fingerlings showed that inheritance of the Clarias gariepinus growth hormone (CgGH) transgene was 70%, an increase over 50% inheritance reported in G2 transgenic mutiara catfish (Buwono et al 2019a), crossing between G2 transgenic broodstock tends to increase the transmission of CgGH in G3

Summary

Introduction

As the demand for aquaculture products increases, there is a concurrent need to improve the growth rate of fish in order to increase the efficiency of fish production. Clarias gariepinus growth hormone (CgGH) transgenic technology, successfully developed for mutiara catfish (C. gariepinus), induces significantly greater growth in transgenic fish; second-generation (G2) animals showed a 150–200% increase in growth relative to non-transgenic fish (Buwono et al 2019a). This technology increased growth in transgenic offspring of other fish species, including G2 transgenic tilapia (125% increase, Rahman et al 2001) and G5 transgenic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (100% increase, Levesque et al 2008). CgGH transmission in the G2 strain reached 50%, indicating the occurrence of Mendelian transmission and suggesting that these fish can be used to produce G3 catfish (Buwono et al 2019b)

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