Abstract
Experiment was conducted to study the effects of Pseudomonas straita and chemical fertilizers on growth, fruit yield and leaf mosaic virus in Carica papaya var. Sinta F1. The experiment comprised four treatments namely Farmers practices (T0- NP (Nitrogen: Phophorus) 100:50+10 kg FYM (Farm Yard Manure)/plant/year), Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (T1- Pseudomonas straita @20 g culture /plant/year), Recommended fertilizer dose (T2- NPK 300:300:300+FYM 10 kg/plant/year), T3- Pseudomonas straita + NPK (300:300:300NPK+FYM 10 kg + P. straita 20 g /plant/year) in seven replications. The planting density was 2500 ha-1 (2 m × 2 m). The treatment effects found significant (p<0.05) for plant height, leaf number, leaf length, fruit weight, fruit volume and fruit yield while, nonsignificant for trunk girth, inter nodal length and pulp thickness. The treatment T3 plants occurred growth and fruit yield maximum followed with T2. Pseudomonas straita (T1) alone gave poorest result but its combination with NPK (T3) rendered highest number of fruit (48 fruit /plant) with an average weight of 675 g. The plant with T2 showed 18.18% higher leaves, 36.84% higher fruit weight and 41.03% higher yield compared to T0. Trends of Plant Disease Index (PDI) was declining by 50.36% with T1 followed with T3 (27.88%) and T2 (13.40%) compared T0. The treatment effects were positively correlated with plant height (r2=0.78), leaf number (r2=0.81), fruit yield (r2=0.97) and recorded negative for PDI (Plant Disease Index) (r2=0.30).
Highlights
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is widespread throughout India and in globe considered as one of the most important, economic and nutritious fruit crop with rich antioxidants, carotene, vitamins, and flavonoids
The papaya production is dependent upon inorganic fertilizers, High Yielding Variety (HYV) and plant protection chemicals
The plant height increased polynomial and T3 (Recommended NPK + P. straita) gave best results as height increased of 16.54% while the trunk girth was not influenced by any treatment (p
Summary
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is widespread throughout India and in globe considered as one of the most important, economic and nutritious fruit crop with rich antioxidants, carotene, vitamins, and flavonoids. Papaya is reported in more than 60 countries with 11.22 million metric ton yield (FAOSTAT, 2012) dominated in Asia (52.2%), South America (23.8%), Africa (13.2%), Central America and the Caribbean region (10.9%). It is successfully grown in wide range of soils but best in slightly acidic and sandy loam soils [1]. It is observed that the long-term applications of inorganic fertilizers decrease the crop productivity [4] and make the plants susceptible to insects and diseases, besides deterioration of fruit minerals and quality. Judicious use of organic manures, inorganic and microbial fertilizers is rapidly gaining favor in fruit and vegetable crops [5,6]
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