Abstract
ABSTRACT Sweet basil is a perennial herb. Studies on in vitro cultivation of these plant species are scarce and inconclusive. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of culture medium concentration in combination with antioxidants and plant growth regulators on the in vitro growth and biochemical activity of sweet basil seedlings. Seeds of the ‘Genovese’ cultivar were inoculated into Murashige and Skoog culture medium supplemented with activated carbon and plant growth regulators 6 -benzylaminopurine and a-naphthaleneacetic acid. The seedlings were grown under controlled conditions for 80 days and their biometric and biochemical characteristics evaluated. More abnormal seedlings were observed in the 100% medium with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 0.4 g L-1 6-benzylaminopurine, and 0.2 g L-1 a-naphthaleneacetic acid (T4) and the medium without regulators (T1). However, the T4 culture medium resulted in a higher leaf number and shoot dry mass. Antioxidant activity was higher in the seedlings grown in the culture medium composed of 100% medium + 3.0 g L-1 activated carbon + 0.4 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine + 0.2 mg L-1 a-naphthaleneacetic acid (T5) and that composed of 70% medium + 3.0 g L-1 activated carbon + 0.1 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (T3). The enzyme superoxide dismutase showed higher activity in all culture media than catalase or ascorbate peroxidase. Sweet basil seedlings growing in T4 and T1 medium showed the highest growth rate of shoots and the lowest antioxidant activity, whereas seedlings grown in T3 medium had the highest catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity.
Highlights
IntroductionSweet basil or ‘Genovese’ basil is the common name of the species Ocimum basilicum L. (family Lamiaceae), which is a perennial herb native to the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (LIBER et al, 2011)
Sweet basil or ‘Genovese’ basil is the common name of the species Ocimum basilicum L., which is a perennial herb native to the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (LIBER et al, 2011). It has been used in cuisines worldwide as a condiment and in the preparation of sauces. It is used for the extraction of its essential oil, which contains high levels of natural compounds, such as phenylpropanoids and terpenoids (FLANIGAN; NIEMEYER, 2014; AMARAL-BAROLI et al, 2016)
Sweet basil is usually grown in the field, and its leaves are marketed to industries that extract their oil (LIBER et al, 2011)
Summary
Sweet basil or ‘Genovese’ basil is the common name of the species Ocimum basilicum L. (family Lamiaceae), which is a perennial herb native to the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (LIBER et al, 2011). (family Lamiaceae), which is a perennial herb native to the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (LIBER et al, 2011) It has been used in cuisines worldwide as a condiment and in the preparation of sauces. It is used for the extraction of its essential oil, which contains high levels of natural compounds, such as phenylpropanoids and terpenoids (FLANIGAN; NIEMEYER, 2014; AMARAL-BAROLI et al, 2016). The main limiting factor of this cultivation method is that chemical compounds can be altered by the climatic and biotic conditions of the environment. This promotes heterogeneity in the plant’s chemical composition that is not appreciated by the industry (TRETTEL et al, 2018b). The chemical composition of the oil is more homogeneous and predictable; the plant’s metabolism can be directed toward the production of chemical compounds of greater industrial interest (ALVAREZ, 2014)
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