Growth dynamics and spectroscopic characterization strategies of ‘L-proline' doped potassium hydrogen phthalate single crystal structural avenue

Abstract

The slow evaporation solution growth technique is the method adopted for growing L-proline doped potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) single crystals. The lattice parameters were identified by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystalline perfection and the presence of structural defects were investigated via powder diffraction XRD analysis. Microstrain analysis discloses that the pure KHP crystal contains point defects in the form of vacancies and these vacancies are filled by the dopant L-proline. The transmission characteristics confirmed the enhancement of transmittance and an increase in the optical energy band gap with a slight increase in ‘L-proline' concentration. The refractive index was found to increase with the increase in doping concentration. Furthermore, the FT-IR analysis shows the frequency assignment spectrum of the grown crystals. The hardness of the grown crystals was measured by Vicker's micro-hardness test, this clarifies that the bonding between the neighboring atoms of the 0.5 and 1 mol% LPKHP single crystals was strong compared to the other crystals. The Kurtz-Perry powder technique provides the SHG efficiency of the proper crystalline growth and structural avenue. Hence, the grown crystals can be utilized for optoelectronic and devise applications.