Abstract
Ti-Al diffusion couples, prepared by resistance spot welding, were annealed up to 112 h at 823, 848, and 873 K in ambient atmosphere. The interfacial microstructure was observed and analyzed using SEM and TEM. The growth characterization of intermetallic compound formed at the Ti/Al solid state interface was investigated. Only TiAl3 phase was detected in the interfacial zone, and its growth was governed by reaction-controlled mechanism in the previous period and by diffusion-controlled mechanism in the latter period. The activation energies were 198,019 and 122,770 J/mol for reaction-controlled and diffusion-controlled mechanism, respectively.
Highlights
Titanium and aluminum are attractive engineering metals in industrial applications because of their excellent properties, achieving the joining between two kinds of materials can combine their excellent characteristics, reduce the weight of the structure, and save costs and further expand their application prospects
Previous studies reveal that the brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer formed at the welding interface seriously impair the mechanical properties of the joint [10,11]
It is pretty obvious that IMCs can not be observed at the Ti-Al initial fairly flat and no defects such as voids and cracks were found in the interface region, which indicate interface
Summary
Titanium and aluminum are attractive engineering metals in industrial applications because of their excellent properties, achieving the joining between two kinds of materials can combine their excellent characteristics, reduce the weight of the structure, and save costs and further expand their application prospects. Ti-TiAl3 metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites are considered as a great potential material for aerospace, automotive, and other structural applications because of its combination of high strength, toughness, and stiffness at a lower density than monolithic titanium or other laminate systems [12]. To fabricate the MIL composites, aluminum and titanium sheets are pressed together by use of explosive welding [12,13,14] and hot press bonding [15,16,17,18]. It is necessary to understand the growth characteristics of IMCs layer in both cases of Al/Ti welding and MIL production so as to control its growth
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