Abstract
Studies on applying of soil management practices in the management of paricá and the effects on growth and yield are essential to auxiliary its cultivation and would allow us to inform management and conservation decisions to reconciliate biodiversity, wellbeing, and sustainable production. This case study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of paricá at different soil management practices, including consortium with an agricultural production, in the Brazilian Amazon. Paricá was implanted, consorted with soybean in the first year, and maize in the second, in a 5 × 2 m spacing. The treatments T1 = subsoiling, basal dressing, top-dressing, inoculation of microorganisms and consortium with soybean/maize were applied. In T2, T3, T4, and T5, we applied the same practices of T1, except subsoiling (T2), basal dressing (T3), top-dressing (T4) and inoculation of microorganisms (T5). T6 was the control, which used none of these practices, including the consortium with soybean/maize. The results indicate that the highest rate of plant survival occurred in T2, while T3 and T4 promoted greater intraspecific competition, compromising the growth in dbh and the yield (m3 ha−1) of plants in future ages. Growth in dbh and th and the yield of plants in the soybean/maize consortium period was higher in T2 and T6. In future ages, the dbh and yield of plants demonstrated higher growth trends in T6, T1, and T5. Agroforestry practices of soil management influence the growth and yield of paricá plants. However, there is a tendency for greater growth and yield for paricá plants cultivated in the absence of agroforestry practices for soil management proposed in this case study. When opting for AFS (paricá intercropped with soybean and maize), it is recommended for paricá a subsoiling, fertilization, and inoculation of microorganisms.
Highlights
Logging in the Amazon has been conducted in an extractive way with negative environmental impacts
In this case study, a rectangular spatial arrangement (5 × 2 m) was used, that is, a greater distance between rows of paricá plants to enable the use of agricultural machinery, and a smaller distance between plants in the planting row to expand the population of parica
The present study shows little response of paricá in relation to the soil management practices adopted
Summary
Logging in the Amazon has been conducted in an extractive way with negative environmental impacts. In view of the importance of this biome in the international scenario, alternatives have been demanded, such as the sustainable management plan in native forests and, or alternative means of wood production, such as the cultivation of native tree species in monocultures and in agroforestry systems (AFS). In AFS, several spatial arrangements were tested for paricá, among them, 4 × 3 m [5,7], 7 × 7 m [12], 4 × 4 m, and 10 × 10 m [13]
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