Abstract
ABSTRACT Although it is an important vegetable used as a culinary ingredient around the world, there is little information on the characterization of growth and productivity of garlic cv. 'Amarante'. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological and productive characteristics of 20 accessions of 'Amarante' garlic from the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BGH/UFV). The experiment was conducted in the field, in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. During the garlic cycle, plants were evaluated for morphological characteristics, green color intensity, growth analysis, harvest index, and bulb productivity. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were grouped by the Skott-Knott criteria. The Pearson correlation coefficient was estimated between morphophysiological characteristics and bulb yield. The accessions presented different behavior during the evaluations. BGH 7616 stood out for showing the greatest leaf area, harvest index, dry mass of leaves, pseudostem, bulb, and whole plant, resulting in the greatest total and commercial bulb yield. The highest correlations were found between total yield and leaf area duration (r = 0.7263; p ( 0.01) from 87 to 114 days after planting (DAP) and between total yield and leaf area at 87 DAP (r = 0.6442, p < 0.01). Among the evaluated characteristics, the leaf area at 87 DAP and leaf area duration from 87 to 114 DAP were the morphophysiological characteristics that most influenced the bulb yield in 'Amarante' garlic.
Highlights
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in Brazil
Garlic average yield in Brazil is 11 t ha-1 (Agrianual, 2017), and yield increase has been achieved in the last years thanks to the use of cultivars more adapted to planting in several producing regions (Lopes et al, 2016b)
The experiment was conducted in the vegetable experimental field of the Departmento de Fitotecnia (Plant Science Department) of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), from April to September 2008
Summary
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in Brazil. It is used in regional and national cuisine, in which its flavor and condiment properties are highly appreciated (Oliveira et al, 2010; Viana et al, 2016).Despite the increasing supply of garlic in the domestic market, the Brazilian production is insufficient to meet national demand (Resende et al, 2013, Lopes et al, 2016a, b). Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in Brazil. It is used in regional and national cuisine, in which its flavor and condiment properties are highly appreciated (Oliveira et al, 2010; Viana et al, 2016). Despite the increasing supply of garlic in the domestic market, the Brazilian production is insufficient to meet national demand (Resende et al, 2013, Lopes et al, 2016a, b). Garlic average yield in Brazil is 11 t ha-1 (Agrianual, 2017), and yield increase has been achieved in the last years thanks to the use of cultivars more adapted to planting in several producing regions (Lopes et al, 2016b). Knowledge on ecophysiology of garlic will help crop management decisions, allowing strategies to improve adaptation of plants to climatic conditions (Kim et al, 2013)
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