Abstract
An Mg-doped isotope lithium niobate (Mg:7LiNbO3) crystal was successfully grown from 7LiOH, Nb2O5, and MgO using the Crozchralski method. The weight of the as-grown crystal with good quality was about 40 g. The crystal structure was determined as an R3c space group using the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) method, and the crystal composition (Li%) determined using the Raman mode linewidth method was 49.29%. The average transmittance of the crystal in the range of 500–2500 nm was approximately 72%. Various thermal properties, including the specific heat (Cp), the thermal expansion coefficient (α), the thermal diffusion coefficient (λ), and the thermal conductivity (κ), were carefully determined and calculated, and the value divergences among Mg:7LiNbO3, the undoped isotope lithium niobate (7LiNbO3), and natural lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals were mainly related to the differences in microstructure caused by the crystal composition.
Highlights
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 ) crystals are multi-functional materials, which exhibit good photoelectric and piezoelectric properties, among others, and they are currently employed in many commercial applications [1,2,3,4,5]
The X-ray diffraction technique is the primary method used to resolve crystal structure, whereas its drawbacks involve its insensitivity to light elements
For LiNbO3 crystals, there exists Li and O light elements; compared to X-ray techniques, neutron scattering is more sensitive to these light elements
Summary
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 ) crystals are multi-functional materials, which exhibit good photoelectric and piezoelectric properties, among others, and they are currently employed in many commercial applications [1,2,3,4,5]. It is significant to investigate the defect structure of LiNbO3 crystals and explore the relationships between the structure and the properties of this material. The natural LiNbO3 crystal is not suitable for further investigation on the crystal micro-structure using neutron scattering, as the natural Li element contains two isotopes of 6 Li and 7 Li. The 6 Li isotope has a large neutron absorption cross-section with about 940 barn, while the neutron absorption of 7 Li is only about 0.0454 barn. We mainly report on the specific crystal growth procedure, the determination of the crystal structure and crystal composition, and the characterization of the thermal properties, including specific heat, thermal expansion, thermal diffusion, and thermal conductivity, of Mg-doped lithium isotope niobate (Mg: LiNbO3 ) single crystals
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