Growth and Production of rice (oryza sativa l.) under different fertilization plans with Silicon

Javier Giovanni Alvarez Herrera,Linda Paola Pinzón Gómez,Javier Enrique Vélez

doi:10.15446/ing.investig.v37n1.59344

Javier Giovanni Alvarez Herrera, Linda Paola Pinzón Gómez + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v37n1.59344

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Abstract

The application of fertilizers to rice crops constitutes a large percentage of productions costs, which in recent years have increased; therefore, it is necessary to implement alternatives that optimize the application and improve profitability. It was evaluated the effect of different doses and application times of a fertilizer with silicon on a rice crop, Fedearroz 50 variety. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement. The first factor was dose (20 and 40 kg ha-1) and the second factor was combination of period and application dose (100% preplant, 50% preplant + 50% first fertilization, 100% first fertilization, 50% preplant +50% second fertilization, 100% second fertilization) for a total of 10 treatments that were applied in 2 locations (Ibagué and El Guamo). We found that the preplant fertilizer applications increased the production of root biomass throughout the crop cycle and that the biomass of the stems and leaves had a similar behavior with the two doses of silicon. The tillering in Ibagué presented a value of 520 clusters m-2, 127% higher than in El Guamo, which had a value of 229 clusters m-2, a highly significant difference. Throughout the period, height showed a behavior model double logistic sigmoid; the height of the rice plants was higher in El Guamo. In the two localities, Ibagué and El Guamo, the most appropriate fertilizer dose of silicon was 20 kg ha-1 in the second fertilization.

Highlights

In rice cultivation, fertilizers represent about 19 % of production costs; proper fertilization management helps increase performance and could reduce production costs (Reza, Corteza, Hamidreza, Salman and Alireza, 2012)
The root biomass at 15 dae showed differences in the El Guamo when the fertilizer was applied by varying the doses and periods simultaneously (Table 4); this difference may have occurred because some of the plants did not receive the fertilization at 15 dae according to the treatments and this caused that some treatments had a higher nutritional value and a consequent increased root biomass
The El Guamo location, at 15 dae, presented a production of root biomass of 176,1 kg ha-1 versus 116,7 kg ha-1 in Ibagué, a 50 % increase; this difference was subject to the interaction of the period and fertilizer dose and could have been caused by the pore space as a clay horizon was found in the El Guamo location, which reduced the O2 content and increased the accumulation of CO2 in the micro and macropores of the soil, reducing the growth of the roots (Castilla, 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Fertilizers represent about 19 % of production costs; proper fertilization management helps increase performance and could reduce production costs (Reza, Corteza, Hamidreza, Salman and Alireza, 2012). Fertilizer doses have increased over time in order to achieve better yields, which increase the economic cost of obtaining high productions; there is a need to test new sources of nutrients based on mixtures of organic. How to cite: Álvarez-Herrera J.G., Pinzón-Gómez L. Growth and Production of rice (Oryza Sativa l.) under different fertilization plans with Silicon.

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