Abstract
Large-quantity synthesis of single-crystalline perfectly hexagonal-shaped ZnO rods has been achieved through the thermal evaporation of metallic zinc powder in the presence of oxygen without the use of metal catalyst or additives. Detailed structural analyses confirm that the structures formed exhibit a wurtzite hexagonal phase and are preferentially oriented along the c-axis direction. Low-temperature photoluminescence shows that the exciton emission bound-to-neutral donor (D0X) and free-exciton dominate the edge emission region while the donor–acceptor pair (DAP) and its replica dominate the lower energy regions. With increased temperature, D0X decreases abruptly and is then suppressed, but with further increase in temperature (>100 K) the photoluminescence spectra are dominated by the DAP.
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