Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth and macronutrient (C, N, P, K) status in the foliage of four tree species (LT: Liriodendron tulipifera L.; PY: Prunus yedoensis Matsumura; QA: Quercus acutissima Carruth; PT: Pinus thunbergii Parl.) in response to fertilization with different nutrient ratios in a fire-disturbed urban forest located in BongDaesan (Mt.), Korea. Two fertilizers (N3P8K1 = 113:300:37 kg·ha−1·year−1; N6P4K1 = 226:150:37 ha−1·year−1) in four planting sites were applied in April 2013 and March 2014. The growth and nutrient responses of the foliage were monitored six times for two years. Foliar growth and nutrient concentrations were not significantly different (p > 0.05) in response to different doses of N or P fertilizer, but the foliage showed increased N and P concentrations and content after fertilization compared with the control (N0P0K0). Foliar C and K concentrations were little affected by fertilization. Foliar nutrient concentrations and contents were significantly higher in PY and LT than in PT. The results suggest that the foliar N and P concentration could be used as a parameter to assess the nutrient environments of tree species restored in a fire-disturbed urban forest.
Highlights
IntroductionThe nutrient responses of foliage are commonly used as a tool to assess the nutrient requirements and deficiencies [4]
Foliage analysis has received considerable research attention because the nutrient concentrations of foliage have been accepted as adequate indicators of growth and soil fertility at sites in forest stands [1,2,3].Generally, the nutrient responses of foliage are commonly used as a tool to assess the nutrient requirements and deficiencies [4].Urban forests play an important role in enhancing ecosystem service with many demands, such as recreational service, esthetics and biodiversity [5]
The aim of the present study was to examine the growth and nutrient responses of foliage based on the compound ratio of fertilizer from four tree species planted in a fire-disturbed urban forest
Summary
The nutrient responses of foliage are commonly used as a tool to assess the nutrient requirements and deficiencies [4]. Urban forests play an important role in enhancing ecosystem service with many demands, such as recreational service, esthetics and biodiversity [5]. Many urban forest ecosystems face challenging natural and anthropogenic influences, such as forest fire and air pollutions [6]. The loss of plant nutrients and destabilization of soils in fire-disturbed urban forests might inhibit the rooting and growth of newly planted tree species [9]. Forest management practices, such as nutrient additions, are required to supply sufficient nutrients to optimize the growth of newly planted tree species in urban forests burned by forest fire
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