Growth and neurodevelopment in very preterm infants receiving a high enteral volume-feeding regimen – a population-based cohort study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate a feeding regimen routinely providing >180 ml/kg/d fortified human milk to very preterm infants and impact on in-hospital growth, osteopenia, and neurodevelopment.Method: Retrospective population-based descriptive study of infants <30-week gestation admitted within 24 h of birth and discharged during the 6-year period 2005–2010. Growth and neurodevelopment was assessed until 2 years corrected age, and cerebral palsy up to 4 years corrected ageResults: Ninety-nine infants below 30-week gestation were admitted within 24 h of birth during the 6-year period, of which 84 (85%) survived to discharge. Two infants had surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, both survived to 2 years follow up. Seventy-eight infants (mean 27 weeks) had complete growth data until discharge. Full enteral feeds were tolerated after mean 10 d. Average milk volumes were 193 ml/kg/d from 15 to 42 d of life. Rates of weight below 10th centile were 10% at birth and 14% at discharge. Head circumference Z-scores were stable from birth to discharge. Blood values did not indicate osteopenia. Increasing head circumference Z-scores were associated with improved language development.Conclusions: This high enteral feeding volume regimen was associated with low rates of in-hospital growth restriction and good head growth. High enteral volume intake seems safe and may improve nutritional status of very preterm infants.