Growth and Instability in Production of Selected Major Spices and their Export Scenario for India: A Review

Abstract

India is known as the land of spices. It is one of the largest producers, consumer and exporter of spices in the world. Even though the spice is a highly demanded commodity in the international market. The export fluctuation is observed for the product. This study trying to identify the reasons of fluctuation for some selected major spices export from India. For that data collected for area production and productivity of major spices mainly chilli, ginger and turmeric and analyzed its growth and variability. These three crops were selected as they covered the highest per centage of production share in the year 2021. In this study data were collected from the year 2010-11 to 2019-20 to analyze the growth and instability in production of major spices and its impact on their export. Compound annual growth rate analysis was done to see the growth in area, production and productivity of the selected spices along with the growth performance of spice export from India. The variability in area, production and productivity along with the export instability was calculated with the help of instability index. Ourstudy examined thatarea and production of spices in India was growing continuously from the year 2010-11 to 2019-20. The compound annual growth rate analysis reflected a positive growth in area under ginger (2.53 per cent) and Turmeric (1.08 per cent), while it was negative for chilli (-0.99 per cent). During the entire period chilli and ginger recorded a positive and significant growth in production and productivity of the crop. Export was found to be related with the productivity of the crop. The export variability was found to be lowest for chilli (3.98), while ginger recorded a very high instability index (33.36) for the period. With increase productivity export of chilli increases. As the quantity exported for chilli was highest among the three crops so the export value of the same was also found highest during the entire period.