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Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchanges of white-fiber cotton cv. BRS 368 RF irrigated using waters with increasing levels of salinity under nitrogen-potassium combination in a greenhouse in the municipality of Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of water - ECw (0.7; 2.2; 3.7; 5.2 and 6.7 dS m-1) and four combinations of fertilization nitrogen-potassium - N/K2O (70/50, 100/75, 130/100, 160/125% of the recommended dose for pot experiments), with three replicates. Irrigation with water of electrical conductivity from 0.7 dS m-1 compromised the growth and gas exchanges of cotton cv. BRS 368 RF, and dry biomass of leaf, stem and root were the most sensitive variables to salt stress. The nitrogen-potassium combination of 100/75% of the recommendation for pot experiments resulted in higher growth in plant height, but the highest stomatal conductance of cotton cv. BRS 368 RF was recorded in plants cultivated with 75/50% N/K2O, at 77 days after sowing. The variation in the N/K2O combination did not interfere with biomass accumulation in cotton plants. The treatment with water of lowest salinity (0.7 dS m-1) and the combination of 160/125% of the recommendation promoted greater leaf expansion, at 107 days after sowing.
Highlights
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchanges of white-fiber cotton cv
Plant height was linearly inhibited by the increase in irrigation water salinity in both evaluations (Figure 1A)
The increase in water salinity caused reductions of 9.35 and 10.08% in height with per unit increase in electrical conductivity, which corresponded to decreases of 60.03 and 65.13% among plants irrigated with waters of 0.7 and 6.7 dS m-1 at 65 and 107 days after sowing (DAS), respectively (Figure 1A)
Summary
The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and gas exchanges of white-fiber cotton cv. BRS 368 RF irrigated using waters with increasing levels of salinity under nitrogen-potassium combination in a greenhouse in the municipality of Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. Irrigation with water of electrical conductivity from 0.7 dS m-1 compromised the growth and gas exchanges of cotton cv. The nitrogen-potassium combination of 100/75% of the recommendation for pot experiments resulted in higher growth in plant height, but the highest stomatal conductance of cotton cv. O tratamento com água de menor salinidade (0,7 dS m-1) e a combinação de 160/125% da recomendação promoveu maior expansão foliar das plantas, aos 107 dias após a semeadura. GROWTH AND GAS EXCHANGES OF COTTON UNDER WATER SALINITY AND NITROGEN-POTASSIUM COMBINATION A. The use of water with excess salts can inhibit plant growth and production, due to the reduction in the osmotic potential of the soil solution, and may cause toxicity, nutritional imbalance or both simultaneously (SYVERTSEN; GARCIASANCHEZ, 2014)
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