Growth and characterization of stoichiometric tungsten oxide nanorods by thermalevaporation and subsequent annealing

Abstract

Stoichiometric tungsten oxide (WO3) nanorods are synthesized on tungsten (W) substrates by a high-temperature,catalyst-free, physical deposition process and by subsequent annealing in oxygenatmosphere. Tungsten oxide nanorods are grown by thermal evaporation ofWO3 powder at elevated temperature in a tube furnace. XRD, TEM and XPS analysisshows that the as-grown nanorods are single crystalline and non-stoichiometric(WOx). Annealingof WOx nanorods at 700 °C under oxygen atmosphere has led to the formation of stoichiometricWO3 as evidenced by XRD, XPS and Raman analysis.