Grover’s Algorithm – Implementations and Implications

Abstract

Ever since the realisation of the potential computational power of quantum-natured circuits, multiple quantum algorithms have been proposed, exploiting quantum superposition or quantum entanglement features to simulate quantum systems that classical computers cannot efficiently probe. The most notable among these strategies is Shor’s algorithm, which takes advantage of the quantum Fourier transform and has been shown capable of solving integer factorisation problems within polynomial time. This article’s focus is on one type of quantum algorithm based on amplitude amplification, namely Grover’s algorithm. This algorithm’s working principle is explained, and a discussion of its recent developments and possible direction of future reach is provided. In addition, implementations of Grover’s algorithm have been performed using the IBM Quantum Lab, followed by a reference to its connection to life sciences.