Grouper DNA barcoding studies in Indonesia: A short review

Nanda Muhammad Razi,Nur Fadli,Firman M Nur,Adrian Damora,Siti Maulida,Sumarni Laila Buang Manalu,Zainal A Muchlisin,Mutia Ramadhaniaty

doi:10.13170/depik.10.2.21255

Abstract

Indonesia is recognized as one of the territories that have the highest reef fish biodiversity in the world. One of the commercially valuable fish in this area is the groupers (locally name "kerapu"). At least 76 grouper species have been reported in Indonesian waters, with three species were categorized into "vulnerable", five species "Data Deficient", and 68 species under the "Least Concern" category based on IUCN classification. The increasing exploitations rate had been reported caused the grouper stocks in Indonesia to decrease and threatened extinction. However, only limited scientific data is available regarding the grouper in Indonesia, including their identification. In most fish landing sites across Indonesia, the groupers are morphologically identified and recorded as "kerapu" to replace their scientific species names. Accurate species identification is essential in designing appropriate and sustainable management of fisheries resources. One of the tools that have been used in fish identification is DNA barcoding. In the last two decades, this molecular method has been applied to identify many fish groups globally, including grouper fish. This study reviewed the DNA barcoding approach in grouper identification in Indonesia based on the available literature.Keywords:DNA barcodingGrouperMolecular TaxonomyFisheriesIndonesia

Highlights

Indonesia is one region with the highest reef fish biodiversity globally (Allen and Erdmann, 2012)
At least 76 grouper species have been reported in Indonesian waters, with three species were categorized into "vulnerable", five species "Data Deficient", and 68 species under the "Least Concern" category based on IUCN classification
At least 76 grouper species have been reported living in Indonesian waters, with three species were categorized into "vulnerable", five species "Data Deficient", and 68 species under the "Least Concern" category based on IUCN classification (IUCN, 2021)

Summary

Introduction

Indonesia is one region with the highest reef fish biodiversity globally (Allen and Erdmann, 2012). The studies on DNA barcoding in the genus Epinephelus using primers Fish F1, Fish R1 (Fadli et al, 2021; Fadli et al, 2020; Jefri et al, 2015; Kusuma, 2018); Fish F2, Fish R2 (Nuryanto et al, 2018); Fish BCL, Fish BCH (Andriyono et al, 2020; Andriyono and Suciyono, 2020); AF282, AF283 (Ariyanti and Farajallah, 2019a, 2019b); 16SAR, 16SBR (Sari et al, 2015); FH70, RH70 (Kamal et al, 2019); Em-01, Em03, Em-08, Em-07, Em-10 (Antoro et al, 2006) has been used successfully for species identification of E. areolatus, E. bleekeri, E. coeruleopunctatus, E. coioides, E. erythrurus, E. fasciatus, E. fuscoguttatus, E. heniochus, E. longispinis, E. melanostigma, E. merra, E. ongus, E. poecilonotus, E. polyphekadion, E. quoyanus, E. sexfasciatus, E. spilotoceps, E. tauvina, E. tukula, and E. undulosus.

38 Variola

Findings

Conclusion