Abstract
Group theory is a technique which helps spectroscopists to establish theoretical calculation in vibrational frequencies of a molecule. Vibrational frequencies of a molecule can be determined by Infra red and Raman spectroscopy. In this article, different symmetry elements in group theory has been discussed. Point groups have also been discussed. Using the symmetry elements determination of dipole moments of molecule, and optical activity of molecule have been done.
Highlights
Group theory is a tool to treat invariants and symmetries of a molecule
Symmetry operation is the movement of the molecule such that the resulting configuration of the molecule is indistinguishable from the original
All the symmetry elements intersect at a point which is unaffected by all the symmetry operations
Summary
Group theory is a tool to treat invariants and symmetries of a molecule. Set of symmetry operations form a group. If θ is the smallest angle through which the rotation of a molecule is done with respect to an axis and if an indistinguishable configuration is got from that motion, the rotation is referred as a symmetry operation. A vertical plane, which bisects two perpendicular C2 axes, is called dihedral plane σd Ex: PtCl4 It is the line about which a rotation by a specific angle, followed by reflection in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis is performed Ex: Ethane. This is a point in a molecule such that any line drawn through it meets the same atom at equal distances in opposite directions Ex: H2.
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