Abstract
The effects of different organizational strategies on group performance were studied. Two performance criteria were proposed: (1) “effectiveness”—maximum group performance; and (2) “efficiency”—performance per unit of time. One hundred and forty-four Ss worked individually or in dyads using a divided labor, shared labor or free choice strategy. Tasks were a difficult and easy crossword puzzle. The free choice and shared labor strategies were more effective than divided labor. Free choice and divided labor were more efficient than shared labor. The same patterns of results occurred on both the easy and difficult tasks. The various strategies and task difficulty produced differences in task satisfaction, interpersonal relations and amount of interaction between Ss, with shared labor having the highest ratings and divided labor the lowest ratings on these variables. The effects of amount of interaction and task difficulty were discussed with respect to group performance and member satisfaction.
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