Abstract
Background: This study investigates the effects of group counseling vs. individual dietary prescription on physical, nutritional, and mental health in overweight or obese women.Methods: Seventy-four women aged 40–59 years with body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 were randomized into 2 intervention arms: group nutrition counseling (GNC) or individualized nutrition prescription (INP). Twenty-seven women completed the 12-week intervention protocol. The GNC received counseling once a week and the INP received an individualized prescription once a month. All participants attended physical exercise sessions 3 times a week following the same protocol. Body mass, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, lean mass, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c, insulin and liver transaminases were measured pre- and post-intervention in both arms. A 3 day food record was applied to calculate the intake of calories, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Body image dissatisfaction, level of anxiety, self-esteem measure and pathological eating attitudes were measured.Results: Both dietary interventions decreased body mass, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, total caloric intake, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and saturated and polyunsaturated fats (p < 0.05). Lean mass, metabolic variables, self-esteem and pathological eating attitudes remained unchanged (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Both nutritional interventions combined with concurrent exercise were effective to improve anthropometrics, body composition, food intake, and some mental health parameters. We suggest that the choice of nutritional intervention (GNC or INP) could be based on the participants preference, considering the adherence and satisfaction, to promote health and quality of life.
Highlights
In Brazil, more than 50% of adults is overweight or obese [1]
Given the worrisome prevalence of obesity, the number of strategies for weight loss and the high rates of failure, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two different nutritional strategies: group nutrition counseling (GNC) or individualized nutrition prescription (INP), with a concurrent exercise program on the physical, nutritional and mental health of overweight or obese women after 12-weeks of intervention
The participants age was similar in the GNC and INP groups (p > 0.05)
Summary
In Brazil, more than 50% of adults is overweight or obese [1]. Obesity is a chronic, complex and multifactorial disease that is associated with increased risk of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes [2], dyslipidemia [3] and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [4]. In addition to affecting physical health, obesity has been associated with decrease in mental and social health [5]. People with obesity have higher levels of anxiety, depression, binge eating, low self-esteem, social discrimination, disability with early retirement, and death [6, 7]. Increasing prevalence of this condition is placing a major burden on the public health system with a large impact on the economy [4]. This study investigates the effects of group counseling vs individual dietary prescription on physical, nutritional, and mental health in overweight or obese women
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