Abstract
Some peer-to-peer streaming systems make use of linear codes to reduce the rate of the data uploaded by peers with limited upload capabilities. Such “data reduction” techniques are based on a vector-space approach and produce the data to be uploaded by means of linear combinations of the content data in a suitable finite field. In this paper, we propose a more general approach based on group theory. The new approach, while including the vector space approach as a special case, allows to design schemes that cannot be modeled as linear codes. We analyze the properties of the schemes based on the new approach, showing also how a group-based scheme can be used to prevent stream poisoning and how a group-based scheme can be converted into a secret-sharing scheme. Examples of group-based schemes that cannot be described in the vector-space framework are also shown.
Highlights
A problem that is currently attracting attention in the research community is the problem of streaming live content to a large number of nodes
The new approach, while including the vector space approach as a special case, allows to design schemes that cannot be modeled as linear codes
This paper is organized as follows: in Section 2, we introduce a formalism for group-based reduction schemes (GBRS), in Section 3, we study the properties of GBRS; in Section 4, we give some examples of GBRS that cannot be described with the vector space approach; in Section 5, we give the conclusions
Summary
A problem that is currently attracting attention in the research community is the problem of streaming live content to a large number of nodes. Maybe the most important one is due to the fact that the typical residential user have enough download bandwidth to receive the stream but not enough upload bandwidth to retransmit it. This makes the application of the P2P paradigm to video streaming not trivial. The goal of this paper is to introduce a more general approach on data rate reduction based on group theory. The application that motivated this work was rate reduction for P2P streaming, we will show that the ISRN Communications and Networking theory presented here has a wider application range and it allows, for example, the construction of systems that counteract poisoning attacks [7] or allow secret sharing [8, 9]. This paper is organized as follows: in Section 2, we introduce a formalism for group-based reduction schemes (GBRS), in Section 3, we study the properties of GBRS; in Section 4, we give some examples of GBRS that cannot be described with the vector space approach; in Section 5, we give the conclusions
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