Group-Based Predictive Handoff for SIP Sessions in Vehicular M2M Network Mobility Management

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When a group of machine type communication (MTC) ‘smart mobile devices’ in vehicular area network move together as a single unit, the network requires to resolve how to manage the group-based location transition and handoff for all group members with efficient signaling exchange and congestion mitigation. As an attractive solution, the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) based Network Mobility (SIP-NEMO) has attracted much interests among the industry and academia. However, SIP-NEMO is vulnerable to the simultaneous handoff problem and weak in supporting seamless services, because of the direct binding updates between both mobile SIP nodes, as well as a potentially large number of mobile devices. In this paper, we investigate a novel group-based SIP sessions mobility management scheme for the MTC devices that are onboard traveling among long term evolution base stations. Firstly, some novel basic attributes of the SIP protocol are defined and the corresponding key SIP session procedures, including session setup, location registration and location update, are optimized. Then, we propose a predictive resource reservation algorithm for group-based handoff to achieve seamless services. Furthermore, we develop an analytical model to study the performance from the aspect of the average handoff delay. The simulation results indicate that the network congestion caused by the simultaneous handoff of a group of MTC devices onboard could be reduced effectively.