Abstract
Strong karstlize effect forming surface and underground double-space structure in karst area, what resulting groundwater systems are extremely sensitive to outside interference. This article mainly focuses on the vulnerability assessment of karst groundwater, proposing that the vulnerability assessment of karst groundwater should be considered from three perspectives: the inherent vulnerability of groundwater, the vulnerability of the ecological environment and water resources carrying capacity, and selecting 19 indicators based on it, establishing the index system and evaluation method of groundwater vulnerability assessment in karst area combines with Analytic Hierarchy Process. The article apply the evaluation method to evaluate groundwater vulnerability of typical karst area—Weining county, China. The study can provide certain reference for the groundwater vulnerability assessment in similar karst area.
Highlights
Water is the irreplaceable, basic and natural resource, which is the controlling factor of the ecological environment development, human survival and production development as well as the virtuous cycle of ecosystem are all inseparable from water
The index system of venerability assessment is a complex system, three points should be mainly noticed in the establishment, the one is that the index should be able to reflect key factors that influencing groundwater venerability, the second is that the index could embody essential problem of groundwater venerability, and the third is that the index should have maneuverability
Groundwater venerability assessment in karst area is the goal layer of the model (A layer); the inherent vulnerability of groundwater, the vulnerability of ecological environment and the vulnerability of water resources carrying capacity determine the possibilities of venerability, but the influence mode need through relevant specific factors to reflect, this is the intermediate link of problem solving, which is the criterion layer of the model (B layer); the index of the control factors make up the index layer of the model (C layer), and achieve the desired objectives by the problem decision in this level (Table 1)
Summary
Basic and natural resource, which is the controlling factor of the ecological environment development, human survival and production development as well as the virtuous cycle of ecosystem are all inseparable from water. Because of the unique geological and hydrological background of the karst area, carbonate rocks in karst area are widely exposed, strong karstlize effect forming surface and underground double-space structure, causing regional water distribution extremely uneven. Due to the lack of natural seepage layer, the surface water and contamination is to go into aquifer or underground river directly through caves and pipes, the karst aquifer is vulnerable to be polluted, and the retention time of pollutants in the karst system is short, the attenuation of contaminants, chemical and biological recession effect often is invalid. The survey area belongs to the two basin of Yangtze river and pearl river. There are many karst lake on the plateau surface, the biggest is Caohai with the perennial water area of 31km
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