Abstract
This is the first attempt to combine the Multiobjective Billiards-Inspired Optimization Algorithm (MOBOA) with groundwater modelling to determine pumping rates within a well-distributed range of Pareto options. In this study, in order to determine an optimum solution for groundwater drawdown, pumping rates were selected accompanied by three minimization objectives: minimizing shortage influenced by inability to supply, adjusted shortage index, and minimizing the degree of drawdown within predefined areas. To optimize hydraulic conductivity and specific yield parameters of a modular three-dimensional finite-difference (MODFLOW) groundwater model, the Harris Hawks optimization algorithm was used to minimize the sum of absolute deviation between observed and simulated water-table levels. MOBOA was then utilized to optimize pumping rate variables for an Iranian arid to semiarid groundwater environment using these parameters. As the study results, when the maximum and minimum aquifer drawdown was specified in the range of −40 to +40 cm/year, the Pareto parameter sets produced satisfactory results. Overall, the “Simulation-Optimization-Modelling” protocol was able to generate a series of optimal solutions that were shown on a Pareto front. The study concluded to an optimum approach that provides policy makers in the Iranian water stressed zones with safe groundwater management alternatives.
Highlights
Groundwater behaviour modelling is one of the critical mechanisms that hydrogeologists have been attempting to measure since long time ago in order to solve evolving groundwater issues [1]
It will be accompanied by the total amount of Modified Shortage Index (MSI) reduction as the highest pumping rate applied to the aquifer
In Scenario B, the pumping rate at existing wells is allowed to fluctuate over time, resulting in a more arrangement that can respond to possible changes such as water needs or periodic recharges
Summary
Groundwater behaviour modelling is one of the critical mechanisms that hydrogeologists have been attempting to measure since long time ago in order to solve evolving groundwater issues [1]. Due to the dynamic and multiobjective nature of the groundwater system, simulation of the groundwater system is challenging, especially in arid to semiarid zones. In the issue of rising groundwater demand, new models are desperately needed to develop novel decision-making tools and improve aquifer system drawdown [2]. Ese models have been used to address construction and process issues of groundwater hydraulic control, water supply, and remediation [5, 6]. Since sustainability managing is inherently a multiobjective issue, no optimum solutions can be determined in the conventional context, and policy makers can articulate their favourites through a collection of nondominated solutions [7]
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